For part 2, the angle is measured from the point of view of the seated occupant. In other words, luminaires that are located above 53 degrees, when measured as a solid angle from a seated occupant's point of view at a workstation, desk or other seating area, must have luminances that are less than 8,000 cd/m².
Light sources above 53 degrees above horizontal may contribute to ""overhead glare"", and as such should be limited to 8,000 cd/m² or less. Note that this does not necessarily preclude a fixture with over 8,000 cd/m² from being used, but shielding may be required to ensure that the surface that is directly emitting light (the bare lamp or the luminaire surface) cannot be seen from a seated occupants' point of view. Project teams can obtain photometric data from the lamp manufacturer to confirm compliance.